Test your understanding of body fluid compartments by taking this simple quiz. Other therapies include elevation of the affected part to assist drainage, massage and compression of the areas to move the fluid out of the tissues, and decreased salt intake to decrease sodium and water retention. In order to have a solid understanding of physiological principles, it is essential that one understand the organization of body fluid compartments, as well as the composition of the fluids in these compartments. Activities that can reduce the effects of the condition include appropriate exercises to keep the blood and lymph flowing through the affected areas. Therapy for edema usually focuses on elimination of the cause. For predialysis, whole body ECF was 17.57 L ± 3.48 and sum of segments ECF was 17.32.L ± 3.94 this difference was not significant, nor was it significant after UF (16.86 L ± 3.02,17.13 L ± 3.64, respectively). Underlying medical conditions that can contribute to edema include congestive heart failure, kidney damage and kidney disease, disorders that affect the veins of the legs, and cirrhosis and other liver disorders. Whole body fluids were compared with the sum of segments of the trunk, arms, and legs at predialysis and after UF. There is another small compartment of fluid that is referred to as transcellular fluid. The compartments are separated from each other by membranes that regulate flow of water between each compartment and thereby control the amount of water which can exist in each of the compartments. The extracellular fluid is divided into the interstitial fluidand the blood plasma. Medications that can result in edema include vasodilators, calcium channel blockers used to treat hypertension, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, estrogen therapies, and some diabetes medications. The total body fluid is distributed mainly between two compartments: the extracellular fluidand the intracellu- lar fluid(Figure 25-1). In our body, water is distributed in two major fluid compartments: the intracellular and extracellular compartments. Otherwise, the venous blood pools in the lower limbs and can leak into surrounding tissues. This is because deep veins in the lower limbs rely on skeletal muscle contractions to push on the veins and thus “pump” blood back to the heart. ![]() Mild, transient edema of the feet and legs may be caused by sitting or standing in the same position for long periods of time, as in the work of a toll collector or a supermarket cashier. ![]() An allergic reaction can cause capillaries in the hand to leak excess fluid that accumulates in the tissues.
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